The problem of evil refers to the question of how to reconcile the existence of evil in this world with an omnibenevolent, omniscient, and omnipotent God. The argument for the problem of evil goes as follows: We can see that evil exists in this world—cheating, misery and suffering, poverty, disease, etc. Why would God create a world in which this evil exists? Since He is omnipotent and omnibenevolent, therefore, He could have created a world devoid of evil, but since evil exists, He is either not omnipotent (that is, He was helpless in creating the evil world) or not omnibenevolent (He doesn’t care) or not omniscient (He isn’t aware of the misery in this world). Whichever position is adopted, the result is that God is either not omniscient, omnipotent, or omnibenevolent. The mere presence of evil is thus taken to be the refutation of God’s existence. In this course, we will discuss the Vedic philosophy response to this problem.